Author’s name:
Olga V. Petrova – N. A. Dobrolyubov Linguistics University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Abstract:
The article discusses problems caused by the appearance of a large number of foreign loan-words in Russian, displacing already existing means of naming the same objects, phenomena and concepts. The current increase in the number of such borrowings makes the discussion of the problems relevant and urgent. The impact of excessive borrowings on the sustainability of existence, integrity and self-development of the Russian language as the most important com-ponent of the geopolitical and national-cultural code of the country is discussed. Since lan-guage is the most important component of the cultural code of a nation, the excessive borrow-ing of foreign words, not conditioned by the real needs of the society, jeopardizes the linguis-tic security of the country. The replacement of native Russian words or words long estab-lished in the language by new, mainly English, borrowings negatively affects the continuity of historical memory, changes the national linguistic world-image introducing an alien system of evaluation and values into it. Moreover, the abundance of borrowed words in texts gives read-ers the impression that the Russian language, unlike English, does not correspond to the mod-ern level of development of society and, in particular, of science. In addition to the traditional-ly discussed reasons for excessive borrowing, one more can be suggested. In many cases such borrowings are the result of the fact that, along with professional translators who choose tran-scription or transliteration as the easiest and fastest translation option, more and more people are reading English texts in the original. Being neither linguists nor translators, they borrow words whose inner form is clear to them, and begin to use them in Russian, naively believing that the resulting sound complexes retain their transparency for native Russian speakers. To regulate this process, a purposeful language policy is required. It should include mandatory editing for all texts published in any format, and translators and editors should be instructed to prioritize the use of words that are already well established in Russian or their derivatives.
Key words: loanwords; linguistic security; historical memory; translator’s unprofessionalism; language policy; editing.
| Section | LANGUAGE AND CULTURE |
| DOI: | |
| Downloads | 448 |
| Key words | loanwords; linguistic security; historical memory; translator’s unprofessionalism; language policy; editing. |
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